P5: Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange

English language. Except for not very<anchor xml:id="eng1"/>
English at all at the time<anchor xml:id="eng2"/>
English was still full of flaws<anchor xml:id="eng3"/>
English. This was revised by young
<anchor xml:id="eng4"/>

<s>The anchor is he<anchor xml:id="A234"/>re somewhere.</s>
<s>Help me find it.<ptr target="#A234"/>
</s>

<s>L'ancre est i<anchor xml:id="fr_A234"/>ci quelque part.</s>
<s>Aidez-moi à la trouver.<ptr target="#fr_A234"/>
</s>

<s>此錨點指向這<anchor xml:id="zh-tw_A234"/>裡</s>
<s>請搜尋此處<ptr target="#zh-tw_A234"/>
</s>

English language. Except for not very<anchor xml:id="en1"/>
<!-- ... -->
English at all at the time
<anchor xml:id="en2"/>
<!-- ... -->
English was still full of flaws
<anchor xml:id="en3"/>
<!-- ... -->
English. This was revised by young
<anchor xml:id="en4"/>
<!-- ... -->
<linkGrp type="five-word_collocates">
 <link type="collocates_of_ENGLISH"
  target="#en1 #en2 #en3 #en4"/>
<!-- ... -->
</linkGrp>

<div xml:lang="en" type="subsection">
 <p>
  <anchor corresp="#fa1" xml:id="ea1"/>According to our survey, 1988
   sales of mineral water and soft drinks were much higher than in 1987,
   reflecting the growing popularity of these products. Cola drink
   manufacturers in particular achieved above-average growth rates.
 <anchor corresp="#fa2" xml:id="ea2"/>The higher turnover was largely
   due to an increase in the sales volume.
 <anchor corresp="#fa3" xml:id="ea3"/>Employment and investment levels also climbed.
 <anchor corresp="#fa4" xml:id="ea4"/>Following a two-year transitional period,
   the new Foodstuffs Ordinance for Mineral Water came into effect on
   April 1, 1988. Specifically, it contains more stringent requirements
   regarding quality consistency and purity guarantees.</p>
</div>
<div xml:lang="fr" type="subsection">
 <p>
  <anchor corresp="#ea1" xml:id="fa1"/>Quant aux eaux minérales
   et aux limonades, elles rencontrent toujours plus d'adeptes. En effet,
   notre sondage fait ressortir des ventes nettement supérieures
   à celles de 1987, pour les boissons à base de cola
   notamment. <anchor corresp="#ea2" xml:id="fa2"/>La progression des
   chiffres d'affaires résulte en grande partie de l'accroissement
   du volume des ventes. <anchor corresp="#ea3" xml:id="fa3"/>L'emploi et
   les investissements ont également augmenté.
 <anchor corresp="#ea4" xml:id="fa4"/>La nouvelle ordonnance fédérale
   sur les denrées alimentaires concernant entre autres les eaux
   minérales, entrée en vigueur le 1er avril 1988 après
   une période transitoire de deux ans, exige surtout une plus
   grande constance dans la qualité et une garantie de la
   pureté.</p>
</div>

<div xml:id="BNC-d1" type="convers">
 <u xml:id="u2b" who="#b"> The first time in twenty five years,
   we've cooked Christmas <unclear> for a blooming great
     load of people.</unclear>
 </u>
 <u xml:id="u3a" who="#a">So you're
 <anchor synch="#t1b" xml:id="t1a"/>
  <unclear>
   <anchor synch="#t2b" xml:id="t2a"/>
  </unclear>
 </u>
 <u xml:id="u3b" who="#b">
  <anchor xml:id="t1b"/>It will be <anchor xml:id="t2b"/>
   nice in a way, but, <anchor xml:id="t3b"/>
   be strange.<anchor xml:id="t4b"/>
 </u>
 <u xml:id="u4a" who="#a">
  <anchor synch="#t3b" xml:id="t3a"/>Yeah
 <anchor synch="#t4b" xml:id="t4a"/>, yeah, cos it, its
 <anchor synch="#t5b" xml:id="t5a"/>the
 <anchor synch="#t6b" xml:id="t6a"/>
 </u>
 <u xml:id="u4b" who="#b">
  <anchor xml:id="t5b"/>not<anchor xml:id="t6b"/>
 </u>
<!-- ... -->
</div>

<p>We now turn to the
topic of Arabic lemmatisation
<index spanTo="#ALAMEND">
  <term>Lemmatization, Arabic</term>
 </index> concerning which it is important to note .....

<!-- much learned material omitted here -->
and now we can build our parser.<anchor xml:id="ALAMEND"/>
</p>

<u xml:id="utt1" who="#jane">have you read Vanity <anchor synch="#utt2 #k1" xml:id="a1"/> Fair</u>
<u xml:id="utt2" who="#stig">yes</u>
<kinesic xml:id="k1" who="#lou"
 iterated="true">
 <desc>nods head vertically</desc>
</kinesic>

<u xml:id="TS-U1" start="#TS-P2"
 end="#TS-P3">This is my <anchor synch="#TS-P6" xml:id="TS-P6A"/> turn</u>

<timeline origin="#ts-p1" unit="s">
 <when xml:id="ts-p1"
  absolute="12:20:01+01:00"/>
 <when synch="#ts-u1" xml:id="ts-p2"
  interval="4.5" since="#ts-p1"/>
 <when synch="#ts-x1" xml:id="ts-p6"/>
 <when synch="#ts-u1" xml:id="ts-p3"
  interval="1.5" since="#ts-p6"/>
</timeline>
<u xml:id="ts-u1">This is my <anchor xml:id="ts-x1"/> turn</u>

<timeline origin="#TS-p1" unit="s">
 <when xml:id="TS-p1" absolute="12:20:01"/>
 <when xml:id="TS-p2" interval="4.5"
  since="#TS-p1"/>
 <when xml:id="TS-p6"/>
 <when xml:id="TS-p3" interval="1.5"
  since="#TS-p6"/>
</timeline>
<u xml:id="TS-u1">
 <anchor xml:id="TS-u1start"/>
This is my <anchor xml:id="TS-x1"/> turn
<anchor xml:id="TS-u1end"/>
</u>
<linkGrp type="synchronous">
 <link target="#TS-u1start #TS-p1"/>
 <link target="#TS-u1end #TS-p2"/>
 <link target="#TS-x1 #TS-p6"/>
</linkGrp>

<u who="#tom">I used to smoke <anchor xml:id="TS-p10"/> a lot more than this
<anchor xml:id="TS-p20"/>but I never inhaled the smoke</u>
<u start="#TS-p10" end="#TS-p20" who="#bob">You used to smoke</u>

<u who="#bob">
 <anchor synch="#TS-p10"/>You used to smoke<anchor synch="#TS-p20"/>
</u>

<timeline origin="#TS-t01" unit="s">
 <when xml:id="TS-t01" absolute="15:33:01Z"/>
 <when xml:id="TS-t02" interval="2.5"
  since="#TS-t01"/>
</timeline>
<u who="#tom">I used to smoke
<anchor synch="#TS-t01"/>a lot more than this
<anchor synch="#TS-t02"/>but I never inhaled the smoke</u>
<u who="#bob">
 <anchor synch="#TS-t01"/>You used to smoke<anchor synch="#TS-t02"/>
</u>

<timeline origin="#TS-T01">
 <when synch="#TS-nm1 #bob-u2"
  xml:id="TS-T01"/>
 <when synch="#TS-nm2 #bob-u2"
  xml:id="TS-T02"/>
</timeline>
<u who="#tom">I used to smoke
<anchor xml:id="TS-nm1"/>a lot more than this
<anchor xml:id="TS-nm2"/>but I never inhaled the smoke</u>
<u xml:id="bob-u2" who="#bob">You used to smoke</u>

<body>
 <timeline origin="#T001">
  <when xml:id="T001"/>
  <when xml:id="T002"/>
 </timeline>
 <u who="#tom">I used to smoke
 <anchor xml:id="NM01"/>a lot more than this
 <anchor xml:id="NM02"/>but I never inhaled the smoke</u>
 <u xml:id="bob-U2" who="#bob">You used to smoke</u>
 <linkGrp type="synchronize">
  <link target="#T001 #NM01 #bob-U2"/>
  <link target="#T002 #NM02 #bob-U2"/>
 </linkGrp>
</body>

<timeline origin="#TSp1">
 <when synch="#TSa1 #TSb1 #TSc1"
  xml:id="TSp1"/>
 <when synch="#TSa2 #TSc2" xml:id="TSp2"/>
</timeline>
<!-- ... -->
<u who="#stig">this is <anchor xml:id="TSa1"/> my <anchor xml:id="TSa2"/> turn</u>
<u who="#jane" xml:id="TSb1">balderdash</u>
<u who="#lou" xml:id="TSc1"> no <anchor xml:id="TSc2"/> it's mine</u>

<form>
 <orth>pinna</orth>
 <pron>'pIn@</pron>
 <anchor xml:id="p01"/>
 <form type="inflected">
  <number>pl</number>
  <form>
   <orth extent="part">-nae</orth>
   <pron extent="part">-ni:</pron>
  </form>
  <orth extent="part">-nas</orth>
 </form>
</form>
<gramGrp>
 <pos location="#p01">n</pos>
</gramGrp>

<handNote xml:id="heol"
 scribe="HelgiÓlafsson"/>
<!-- ... -->
<body>
 <div>
<!-- text here -->
 </div>
 <addSpan n="added gathering" hand="#heol"
  spanTo="#p025"/>
 <div>
<!-- text of first added poem here -->
 </div>
 <div>
<!-- text of second added poem here -->
 </div>
 <div>
<!-- text of third added poem here -->
 </div>
 <div>
<!-- text of fourth added poem here -->
 </div>
 <anchor xml:id="p025"/>
 <div>
<!-- more text here -->
 </div>
</body>

<l>Flowed up the hill and down King William Street,</l>
<delSpan spanTo="#EPdelEnd" resp="#EP"
 rend="strikethrough"/>
<l>To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the time,</l>
<l>With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine.</l>
<anchor xml:id="EPdelEnd"/>
<l>There I saw one I knew, and stopped him, crying "Stetson!</l>...

<l>
 <delSpan rend="verticalStrike"
  spanTo="#delend01"/> Tis moonlight
<del>upon</del>
 <add>over</add> Oman's sky
</l>
<l>Her isles of pearl look lovelily<anchor xml:id="delend01"/>
</l>

<l>
 <delSpan rend="verticalStrike"
  spanTo="#delend02"/> Tis moonlight
<subst>
  <del>upon</del>
  <add>over</add>
 </subst> Oman's sky
</l>
<l>Her isles of pearl look lovelily<anchor xml:id="delend02"/>
</l>

<l> The Moving Finger wri<damage agent="water" group="1">es; and</damage> having writ,</l>
<l>Moves <damage agent="water" group="1">on: nor all your</damage> Piety nor
Wit</l>
<l>
 <damageSpan agent="water" group="1"
  spanTo="#washOut"/>Shall lure it back to
cancel half a Line,
</l>
<l>Nor all your Tears wash <anchor xml:id="washOut"/> out a Word of it</l>

<line>words words words <mod rend="wavy-underlining"
  spanTo="#enduw"/>words with wavy
underline</line> <!-- more lines here -->
<line>wavy underlining finishes
here<anchor xml:id="enduw"/> more words</line>

<delSpan spanTo="#endDel" change="#L3"/>
<metamark function="flag" target="#zone-1"
 change="#L2">lege</metamark>
<zone xml:id="zone-1" change="#L1">Ock en schullen de bruwere des hilgen dages
nicht over setten noch uppe den stillen fridach bruwen.</zone>
<addSpan spanTo="#endDel" change="#L2"/>
<zone>Noch nymande over setten, se en sehin denne erst, dat uppe den bonen neyn
stro noch, huw noch flaß ligghe, by pine eyner halven roden, deme bruwere so
wol alse dem bruwheren to murende.</zone>
<anchor xml:id="endDel"/>

<line>This is <del change="#s2" rend="overstrike">
  <undo spanTo="#Xa" rend="dotted"
   change="#s3"/>just some <anchor xml:id="Xa"/> sample <undo spanTo="#Xb" rend="dotted"
   change="#s3"/>text, <anchor xml:id="Xb"/> we need</del>
 <add change="#s2">not</add> a real example.</line>

<handNote xml:id="HEOL"
 scribe="HelgiÓlafsson"/>
<!-- ... -->
<body>
 <div>
<!-- text here -->
 </div>
 <addSpan n="added gathering" hand="#HEOL"
  spanTo="#P025"/>
 <div>
<!-- text of first added poem here -->
 </div>
 <div>
<!-- text of second added poem here -->
 </div>
 <div>
<!-- text of third added poem here -->
 </div>
 <div>
<!-- text of fourth added poem here -->
 </div>
 <anchor xml:id="P025"/>
 <div>
<!-- more text here -->
 </div>
</body>

<p>Paragraph partially damaged. This is the undamaged
portion <damageSpan spanTo="#a34"/>and this the damaged
portion of the paragraph.</p>
<p>This paragraph is entirely damaged.</p>
<p>Paragraph partially damaged; in the middle of this
paragraph the damage ends and the anchor point marks
the start of the <anchor xml:id="a34"/> undamaged part of the text. ...</p>

<p>Paragraph partially damaged. This is the undamaged portion <damageSpan spanTo="#fr_a34"/>and
this the damaged portion of the paragraph.</p>
<p>This paragraph is entirely damaged.</p>
<p>Paragraph partially damaged; in the middle of this paragraph the damage ends and the
anchor point marks the start of the <anchor xml:id="fr_a34"/> undamaged part of the text.
...</p>

<p>此段部份毀損。這裡是完好的部份，<damageSpan spanTo="#zh-tw_a34"/>而此為毀損的部份。</p>
<p>此段全部毀損。</p>
<p>段落有部份毀損，損壞處止於段落的中間，以屬性anchor標示<anchor xml:id="zh-tw_a34"/>未損內文的重新出現處。</p>

<p>Paragraph partially deleted. This is the undeleted
portion <delSpan spanTo="#a23"/>and this the deleted
portion of the paragraph.</p>
<p>Paragraph deleted together with adjacent material.</p>
<p>Second fully deleted paragraph.</p>
<p>Paragraph partially deleted; in the middle of this
paragraph the deletion ends and the anchor point marks
the resumption <anchor xml:id="a23"/> of the text. ...</p>

<p>Paragraph partially deleted. This is the undeleted portion <delSpan spanTo="#fr_a23"/>and
this the deleted portion of the paragraph.</p>
<p>Paragraph deleted together with adjacent material.</p>
<p>Second fully deleted paragraph.</p>
<p>Paragraph partially deleted; in the middle of this paragraph the deletion ends and the
anchor point marks the resumption <anchor xml:id="fr_a23"/> of the text. ...</p>

<p>此段部份刪除。這裡是保留的， <delSpan spanTo="#zh-tw_a23"/>而此為刪除的部份。</p>
<p>此段落以及與它相關的資料一同被刪除。</p>
<p>第二個完全刪除的段落。</p>
<p>段落有部份被刪除，刪去處止於段落的中間，以屬性anchor標示 <anchor xml:id="zh-tw_a23"/>內文重新出現的位置。</p>

<line>
 <redo hand="#g_t" target="#redo-1"
  cause="fix"/>
 <mod xml:id="redo-1" rend="strikethrough"
  spanTo="#anchor-1" hand="#g_bl"/>Ihr hagren, triſten, krummgezog<mod rend="strikethrough">nen</mod>ener Nacken
</line>
<line>Wenn ihr nur piepſet iſt die Welt ſchon matt.<anchor xml:id="anchor-1"/>
</line>

<variantEncoding method="double-end-point"
 location="external"/>
<!-- ... -->
<div n="WBP" type="prologue">
 <head>The Prologe ... </head>
 <l n="1" xml:id="WBP.1">Experience<anchor xml:id="WBP-A2"/> though noon Auctoritee</l>
 <l>Were in this world ...</l>
</div>

<l xml:id="WBP.117" n="117"> And
<anchor xml:id="WBP-A117.1"/> of so parfit
<anchor xml:id="WBP-A117.2"/> wys
<anchor xml:id="WBP-A117.3"/> a wight
<anchor xml:id="WBP-A117.4"/> ywroght
<app from="#WBP-A117.1" to="#WBP-A117.3">
  <lem wit="#Hg">of so parfit wys</lem>
  <rdg wit="#Ha4">in what wise was</rdg>
 </app>
 <app from="#WBP-A117.2" to="#WBP-A117.4">
  <lem wit="#Hg">wys a wight</lem>
  <rdg wit="#El #Ha4">was a wight</rdg>
 </app>
</l>

<l n="1">
 <anchor xml:id="WBP-so.1.1a"/> though noon Auctoritee
</l>
<!-- In another file -->
<app from="http://www.example.com/example.xml#WBP-so.1.1a">
 <lem>Experience</lem>
 <rdg wit="#La">Experiment</rdg>
 <rdg wit="#Ra2">Eryment</rdg>
</app>

<p xml:id="P1">
 <s xml:id="S1">Sigmund ... was a king in Frankish country.</s>
 <s xml:id="S2">Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons.</s>
 <s xml:id="S3">Borghild, Sigmund's wife, had a brother ...</s>
 <s xml:id="S4A">But Sinfiotli ... wooed the same woman</s>
 <s xml:id="S4B">and Sinfiotli killed him over it.</s>
 <s xml:id="S5">And when he came home, ... she was obliged to accept it.</s>
 <s xml:id="S6">At the funeral feast Borghild was serving beer.</s>
 <s xml:id="S7">She took poison ... and brought it to Sinfiotli.</s>
 <s xml:id="S17">Sinfiotli drank it off and at once fell dead.</s>
 <anchor xml:id="EOS17"/>
</p>
<p xml:id="P2">Sigmund carried him a long way in his arms ... </p>
<p xml:id="P3">King Sigmund lived a long time in Denmark ... </p>
<p xml:id="P4">Sigmund and all his sons were tall ... </p>
<spanGrp resp="#TMA"
 type="narrative-structure">
 <span from="#S1" to="#S3">introduction</span>
 <span from="#S4A">conflict</span>
 <span from="#S4B">climax</span>
 <span from="#S5" to="#S17">revenge</span>
 <span from="#EOS17">reconciliation</span>
 <span from="#P2" to="#P4">aftermath</span>
</spanGrp>

<p xml:id="PP1">
 <seg xml:id="SS1-SS3" ana="#INTRO">
  <s xml:id="SS1">Sigmund ... was a king in Frankish country.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS2">Sinfiotli was the eldest of his sons.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS3">Borghild, Sigmund's wife, had a brother ... </s>
 </seg>
 <s xml:id="SS4A" ana="#CONFLICT">But Sinfiotli ... wooed the same woman</s>
 <s xml:id="SS4B" ana="#CLIMAX">and Sinfiotli killed him over it.</s>
 <seg xml:id="SS5-SS17" ana="#REVENGE">
  <s xml:id="SS5">And when he came home, ... she was obliged to accept it.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS6">At the funeral feast Borghild was serving beer.</s>
  <s xml:id="SS17">Sinfiotli drank it off and at once fell dead.</s>
 </seg>
</p>
<anchor xml:id="NIL1" ana="#RECONCIL"/>
<p xml:id="PP2">Sigmund carried him a long way in his arms ... </p>
<p xml:id="PP3">King Sigmund lived a long time in Denmark ... </p>
<p xml:id="PP4">Sigmund and all his sons were tall ... </p>
<join xml:id="PP2-PP4"
 target="#PP2 #PP3 #PP4" ana="#AFTERM"/>

<u xml:id="UU1">Can I have ten oranges and a kilo of bananas please?</u>
<u xml:id="UU2">Yes, anything else?</u>
<u xml:id="UU3">No thanks.</u>
<u xml:id="UU4">That'll be dollar forty.</u>
<u xml:id="UU5">Two dollars</u>
<u xml:id="UU6">Sixty, eighty, two dollars.
<anchor xml:id="UU6e"/>Thank you.<anchor xml:id="UU6f"/>
</u>
<spanGrp type="transactions">
 <span from="#UU1">sale request</span>
 <span from="#UU2" to="#UU3">sale compliance</span>
 <span from="#UU4">sale</span>
 <span from="#UU5" to="#UU6">purchase</span>
 <span from="#UU6e" to="#UU6f">purchase closure</span>
</spanGrp>

<l>
 <anchor subtype="sentenceStart"
  type="delimiter"/>
Scorn not the sonnet;
<anchor subtype="sentenceEnd"
  type="delimiter"/>
 <anchor subtype="sentenceStart"
  type="delimiter"/> critic, you have frowned,
</l>
<l>Mindless of its just honours; <anchor subtype="sentenceEnd"
  type="delimiter"/>
 <anchor subtype="sentenceStart"
  type="delimiter"/> with this key</l>
<l>Shakespeare unlocked his heart; <anchor subtype="sentenceEnd"
  type="delimiter"/>
 <anchor subtype="sentenceStart"
  type="delimiter"/> the melody</l>
<l>Of this small lute gave ease to Petrarch's wound. <anchor subtype="sentenceEnd"
  type="delimiter"/>
</l>

<phr function="NP">
 <anchor type="delimiter" subtype="NPstart"
  xml:id="NPInterpretationB"/>
 <w function="A">Fast</w>
 <anchor type="delimiter" subtype="NPstart"
  xml:id="NPInterpretationA"/>
 <w function="N">trains</w>
 <anchor type="delimiter" subtype="NPend"
  corresp="#NPInterpretationB"/>
 <w function="C">and</w>
 <w function="N">planes</w>
 <anchor type="delimiter" subtype="NPend"
  corresp="#NPInterpretationA"/>
</phr>

Ernest went to <anchor xml:id="CE-a1"/> old <persName xml:id="CE-p2">Saybrook</persName>.

<certainty xml:id="cert1" target="#CE-p2"
 locus="name" degree="0.6"/>
<certainty target="#CE-p2" locus="start"
 given="#cert1" degree="0.9"/>
<certainty xml:id="cert2" target="#CE-p2"
 locus="name" assertedValue="placeName" degree="0.4"/>
<certainty target="#CE-p2" locus="start"
 given="#cert2" degree="0.5"/>
<certainty xml:id="cert3" target="#CE-p2"
 locus="start" assertedValue="#CE-a1" given="#cert1"
 degree="0.1"/>
<certainty xml:id="cert4" target="#CE-p2"
 locus="start" assertedValue="#CE-a1" given="#cert2"
 degree="0.5"/>

Ernest went to <anchor xml:id="A1"/> old
<persName xml:id="SYB">Saybrook</persName>.

<certainty xml:id="c1" target="#SYB"
 locus="name" degree="0.6"/>
<certainty target="#SYB" locus="start"
 given="#c1" degree="0.9"/>
<certainty xml:id="C-c2" target="#SYB"
 locus="name" assertedValue="persName" degree="0.4"/>
<certainty target="#SYB" locus="start"
 given="#C-c2" degree="0.5"/>
<certainty target="#SYB" locus="start"
 assertedValue="#a1" given="#c1" degree="0.5"/>

Ernest est allé au <anchor xml:id="fr_A1"/> vieux
<persName xml:id="fr_SYB">Saybrook</persName>.
<certainty xml:id="fr_c1" target="#fr_SYB"
 locus="name" degree="0.6"/>
<certainty target="#fr_SYB" locus="start"
 given="#c1" degree="0.9"/>
<certainty xml:id="fr_C-c2"
 target="#fr_SYB" locus="name" assertedValue="persName"
 degree="0.4"/>
<certainty target="#fr_SYB" locus="start"
 given="#C-c2" degree="0.5"/>
<certainty target="#fr_SYB" locus="start"
 assertedValue="#a1" given="#c1" degree="0.5"/>

王先生找到<anchor xml:id="zh-tw_A1"/>小<persName xml:id="zh-tw_lin">林</persName>，感動極了。

<certainty xml:id="zh-tw_c1"
 target="#zh-tw_lin" locus="name" degree="0.8"/>
<certainty target="#zh-tw_lin" given="#c1"
 locus="start" degree="0.9"/>
<certainty xml:id="zh-tw_c2"
 target="#zh-tw_lin" locus="name" assertedValue="placeName"
 degree="0.2"/>
<certainty target="#zh-tw_lin" given="#c2"
 locus="start" degree="0.1"/>
<certainty target="#zh-tw_lin" given="#c2"
 locus="start" assertedValue="#a1" degree="0.9"/>